Polish president vetoes €40b EU defence funding plan

Poland's ferocious dispute over EU defence loans reached a fever pitch on Thursday as nationalist president Karol Nawrocki vetoed a multi-billion-euro plan that parliament had already approved, reported Agence France-Presse. Lawmakers in Poland, the largest country on NATO's eastern flank, last month backed the Security Action For Europe (SAFE) scheme, which would bring nearly 44 billion euros in loans. The money is earmarked for air and missile defences, anti-drone technology and other equipment, as war rages in neighbouring Ukraine. But Nawrocki, whose relationship with Prime Minister Donald Tusk's pro-EU government is rocky, moved to block the plan Thursday. "I have decided not to sign the law that would allow Poland to take out the so-called 'Safe' loan. I will never sign a law that undermines our sovereignty, our independence, as well as our economic and military security," he said in a televised address.

Tusk, a strong proponent of the SAFE scheme, denounced the veto, while his spokesperson called it "an act of national treason".

"The president has missed the chance to behave like a patriot. A disgrace!" Tusk wrote on X.

Tusk previously vowed that in the event of a presidential veto, he would implement a "Plan B" to make use of the European funds regardless of the president. On Thursday, he called an extraordinary cabinet meeting on Friday at 9:00 am (0800 GMT) in response to the veto. As war in neighbouring Ukraine grinds along, and with Russia and Belarus just across the border, frontline Poland has upped its defence budget to 4.8 percent of its GDP, one of the highest in NATO.

The row over the SAFE programme is unprecedented in a country where there is usually consensus on defence. Nawrocki argues the deal will allow Brussels to exert undue pressure on Warsaw through monitoring how funds will be allocated.

He claims SAFE could also saddle Poland with debt "for generations" and has instead floated a counter project, known as "SAFE 0%".

By using central bank funds instead, Poland would not be burdened with loans or interest payments, the president argues.

But many doubt how this could work, with some questioning Nawrocki's motives. "Poland is the only country along NATO's Eastern flank where there is a debate on whether to accept the funds offered under the European programme," liberal Polish daily Gazeta Wyborcza argued on Wednesday, describing the debate as a "scandalous political controversy" fanned by the former PiS government, to which the president is close.

Ahead of the veto, Political scientist Jaroslaw Kuisz told AFP that Nawrocki wanted to stop Tusk reaping the economic boost the money would bring before the 2027 general election. "The president wants... to harm the prime minister as much as possible so that he cannot reap the benefits of his immense financial success" in getting Poland such a big slice of the cake. Companies, particularly in the arms sector, will "within a year have enormous sums of money at their disposal that will be redistributed", he said.

"The president's primary objective is to bring down the Tusk government and prepare for a change of power" in 2027, Wojciech Przybylski of the Visegrad think tank Insight told AFP.

Poland's eurosceptic nationalist opposition paints itself as a close and indispensable ally of Washington. SAFE, its members argue, would discourage US arms companies from forging arms contracts with Poland, because its funds must be spent mostly in Europe.

PiS chairman Jaroslaw Kaczynski argued the agreement "was intended to bind (Poland) with various dependencies" and would place it "under the German boot". But the plan is backed by 52 percent of Poles, with only 35 percent against it, according to a poll by Poland's Centre for Public Opinion Research.