Volunteers carry an injured man on a stretcher outside medical college hospital in Chittagong , Bangladesh, on Friday. AFP

The clashes, which began on Friday at the main mosque in the capital Dhaka, spread to several key districts in the the Muslim majority nation of 168 million, leaving five people dead and scores injured.

Facebook has been restricted in the country, a company spokesman said, after users complained they could not access the site since late Friday afternoon as images and reports of the violence were shared in social media.

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A spokesman for the Border Guard Bangladesh (BGB), which also acts as a reserve paramilitary force to maintain law and order, said it had deployed troops in parts of the country since Friday night.

Activists of the Hifazat-e Islam group clash with police (foreground) in Chittagong on Friday during a demonstration against Indian PM Narendra Modi's visit to Bangladesh. AFP

"With the instructions of the home ministry and in aid of the civil administration, the required number of BGB has been deployed in different districts of the country," Lieutenant Colonel Fayzur Rahman told AFP, without disclosing the numbers involved.

Rahman, who is the operations director of the force, said there had been no reports of violence after their deployment.

"Situation is normal," he said.

But defying the security measures, hundreds of Islamists gathered at the Baitul Mukarram Masjid, the country's biggest mosque situated in central Dhaka, to protests police shooting at protesters and Modi's tour to the Muslim majority country.

Activists of the Hefazat-e Islam gather during a demonstration outside the National Mosque in Dhaka on Saturday. AFP

An AFP correspondent at the scene said the protesters belonged to Hefazat-e-Islam, the country's largest hardline Islamist outfit behind Friday's protests in over a dozen places including its heartland in Chittagong.

They chanted slogans against Modi, the correspondent said.

Several thousand supporters of Hefazat also staged protests at Hathazari, the rural town outside the country's second largest city, which witnessed the worst violence yesterday when four protesters were shot during demonstrations.

Hefazat spokesman Jakaria Noman Foyezi told AFP around 10,000 students of Hathazari Madrasa were on the road, blocking a key highway linking the port city with the country's hill districts.

Ruhul Amin, the government administrator of the town, said Hefazat supporters put up makeshift bricks wall and dug up the road as vehicles, preventing vehicles from moving on the roads.

"There is no violence," he said.

Mohammad Jahangir, a senior Chittagong police officer, said border guards, police and the elite Rapid Action Battalion have been deployed at the town to tackle any untoward situation.

The disturbances came as Bangladesh marked 50 years of independence with rights groups calling for an end to growing authoritarianism including forced disappearances and extra-judicial killings.

Police said four bodies of members of Hefazat were brought to Chittagong Medical College Hospital after violence erupted at Hathazari, where the group's main leaders are based.