Medical workers walk outside of a special coronavirus intake area in the Borough Park, New York. AFP

The global death toll from the coronavirus pandemic topped a quarter of a million on Tuesday, with the US government predicting a further surge in fatalities as an international vaccine drive garnered $8 billion in pledges.

The dire forecast from the United States came as much of the Western world emerged from weeks of lockdown, with hopes that the disease may have peaked in Europe, where deaths in the worst affected countries have dropped after nearly two months of confinement.

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But the global progress did little to cool a war of words between the US and China over responsibility for the pandemic -- a feud that has been fueled by US claims the virus originated in a Chinese laboratory -- a theory the World Health Organization (WHO) labelled "speculative."

An AFP tally of official figures showed Europe is the hardest-hit continent with around 145,000 fatalities. The US has recorded close to 68,700. Together they account for more than 85 percent of global deaths.

Since the disease first surfaced in China late last year the number of confirmed cases has reached almost 3.6 million.

Workers wearing protective outfits sanitise a neighbourhood to contain the spread of Covid-19 virus in Rome, Italy. AP

The grim figures were compounded Monday by an internal government estimate in Washington that forecast the daily COVID-19 infection rate in the US could surge more than eight-fold to 200,000 per day by June 1, and the death toll could rise to 3,000.

'Evolved in nature'

As the country struggles to contain the disease the White House has stepped up its offensive against China, with Secretary of State Mike Pompeo on Sunday saying there is "enormous evidence" the virus emerged in a lab in the Chinese city of Wuhan.

That claim was rejected Monday by the WHO as well as top US epidemiologist and government adviser Anthony Fauci.

Shoppers at The Home Depot wait in line before entering. File photo/AP

"Everything about the stepwise evolution over time strongly indicates that (this virus) evolved in nature and then jumped species," he said.

US President Donald Trump has acknowledged that deaths will go beyond his earlier prediction of 60,000, saying: "We're going to lose anywhere from 75, 80 to 100,000 people".

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His prediction underscored the tough, politically-tinged debate over reopening, which pits concerns about a rising death toll against the need to restore national economies shattered by prolonged shutdowns.

On Monday US manufacturing giant General Electric announced it will cut an additional 10,000 jobs from its aviation sector as the coronavirus pandemic decimates the industry.

Medical staff members prepare their gear at Saint-Jean train station in Bordeaux, France. AFP

The economic fallout in America prompted the US Treasury to announce it will borrow a record $3 trillion in the April-June period largely to finance spending on virus relief programmes.

'We are all afraid'

In Europe, citizens basked in a return to the outdoors, mixed with a dose of trepidation about life ahead and the economic damage wreaked by lockdowns.

Workers banged away at construction sites in Rome, police handed out masks in Madrid and older children returned to school in Vienna as Europeans gingerly stepped out of their homes.

"We are all afraid," said a masked Cristina Jimenez, 31, in Madrid.

"Who hasn't lost their job already may lose it in the next few months," she said.

An excavator is seen during a collective burial that have passed away due to coronavirus in Manaus, Brazil. Reuters

"But what is important is that we are well. With work, you can always find another."

Spain and Portugal made face masks mandatory on public transport as they further eased their lockdowns, while Slovenia, Poland and Hungary allowed public spaces and businesses to partially reopen.

But much of the world remains cautious about lifting restrictions, with many countries still in the grip of an acceleration in infections, including Russia, which is adding more than 10,000 cases a day.

Countries from India to Nigeria are seeking to ease curbs so that businesses can remain afloat and workers earn a wage after the pandemic-induced economic crash.

Africa's biggest city, Lagos got back to work at the end of a five-week coronavirus lockdown, while in India police waded in to separate people jostling to buy alcohol for the first time in 40 days as the government eased further the world's biggest coronavirus lockdown.

Agence France-Presse