An injured protester is rushed to a hospital during clashes with Iraqi security forces in Baghdad. AP

Iraqi forces shot three anti-government protesters dead in the southern city of Nassiriya on Sunday, police and medics said, adding to scores killed in weeks of unrest that have shaken the war-weary country out of relative stability it had enjoyed since the defeat of Daesh.

Iraqi security forces use live fire to disperse Baghdad protesters

Death toll soars as protests rage in Iraq

Protesters had gathered on a bridge in the city and security forces shot live ammunition to disperse them, the sources said. More than 100 other people were wounded in clashes in Nassiriya, they said.

Security forces also fired tear gas at demonstrators in Baghdad injuring more than 20 people, a day after they pushed protests back toward one main square in the Iraqi capital. One person died in hospital from wounds sustained the previous day in the same area, police and medics said.

Iraqi security forces try to disperse anti-government protesters in downtown Baghdad, Iraq. AP

The violence shattered a day of relative calm. Unrest erupted in Baghdad on Oct. 1 with protests over lack of jobs and services that spread across the capital and much of southern Iraq.

Security forces have used live ammunition, tear gas and stun grenades against mostly young, unarmed protesters, killing more than 280 people, according to a Reuters tally based on medical and police sources.

Prime Minister Adel Abdul Mahdi's government has taken some measures to try to quell unrest including handouts to the poor and job opportunities for college graduates, but has failed to keep up with growing demands of demonstrators who are now calling for an overhaul of Iraq's sectarian political system and the departure of its entire ruling elite.

"They're (security forces) still shooting at people, wounded are coming in," volunteer medical worker Hayder Ghareeb said earlier in the day at a makeshift clinic in Tahrir Square, now the main gathering point for demonstrators in Baghdad.

Some of those hurt had choked on tear gas and been taken to hospital, medical sources said.

Iraqi security forces crack down on protesters in downtown Baghdad. AP

Police said late on Sunday that a car had exploded in an area under the control of security forces setting fire to several other vehicles parked next to it, with no casualties caused. Protesters fear that saboteurs might try to use the unrest to carry out attacks, which risks drawing a harsher crackdown by security forces, and the government has warned against the use of violence against state property or personnel.

Reforms gather pace

Under pressure from powerful Shi'ite Muslim religious authorities, Abdul Mahdi has recently pledged more serious change such as electoral reform and has recognised the legitimacy of peaceful protest.

Iraqi leaders agreed at a meeting in Baghdad on Sunday that imminent electoral reform should give a greater chance for youth to participate in politics and break a monopoly on power by political parties that have dominated state institutions since 2003, state media reported.

The unrest is one of the biggest and most complicated challenges to the current ruling elite since it took power after the US invasion and toppling of dictator Saddam Hussein in 2003.

An injured protester is rushed to a hospital during clashes between Iraqi security forces in Baghdad. AP

Iraq has suffered decades of war, sanctions and more recently sectarian violence. The last major Sunni-Shi'ite civil strife took place during the rule by the Sunni extremist Daesh of much of the north and west of Iraq. The country had enjoyed rare calm after the jihadist group's defeat in 2017.

The current protests are free of sectarian rhetoric: directed by mostly Shi'ite protesters against a government dominated by Shi'ite politicians and powerful allies of Iran.

Many Iraqis want serious political change but also fear the consequences or prolonged instability as armed groups compete for power and the armed forces, with Western help, continue to battle Daesh militants in northern parts of the country.

In northern Iraq on Sunday near the city of Kirkuk an explosive device detonated hitting a vehicle carrying Italian special forces, injuring five soldiers, the Italian military said.