Kim and Lukashenko sign friendship treaty in N. Korea

North Korea and Belarus’s strongmen leaders signed a “friendship and cooperation” treaty on Thursday after Kim Jong Un gave a lavish welcome to President Alexander Lukashenko on his maiden visit.

Besides supporting Russia’s war against Ukraine — around 2,000 North Korean soldiers are thought to have died — both nations are under Western sanctions and are accused of gross human rights violations. The two men met last year in China. “In the modern realities of global transformation — at a time when the world’s major powers openly ignore and violate the norms of international law — independent countries must cooperate more closely and consolidate their efforts aimed at protecting their sovereignty and improving the well-being of their citizens,” Belarusian state news agency Belta quoted Lukashenko as saying.

“We oppose the illegitimate pressure on Belarus from the West and express our support and understanding for the measures taken by the leadership of Belarus aimed at ensuring social and political stability and economic development,” Belta quoted Kim as saying. Earlier Belta showed Kim and Lukashenko hugging at a lavish welcome programme on Wednesday at the start of the two-day visit involving an artillery salute and goose-stepping soldiers before a large flag-waving crowd. Lukashenko visited the Kumsusan Palace of the Sun — where Kim’s embalmed father and grandfather lie in state — to pay his respects, flanked by top North Korean officials, the Korean Central News Agency reported.

Lukashenko, 71, who has ruled Belarus since 1994 and has swung firmly behind Moscow since the start of the Ukraine war in 2022, also laid a bouquet on behalf of Russian President Vladimir Putin.

Belarus and North Korea are part of a push driven by Chinese President Xi Jinping and Putin to create what they call a “multipolar world” to challenge Western hegemony.

They have both provided Moscow assistance in its Ukraine war, with Minsk serving as a launchpad for the invasion and Moscow stationing tactical nuclear weapons in Belarus.

South Korean and Western intelligence agencies have estimated that the North has sent thousands of soldiers to Russia, primarily to the Kursk region, along with artillery shells, missiles and rocket systems.

Russia and North Korea signed a strategic partnership agreement in 2024 that obliges either side to provide “military and other assistance” should the other be attacked.

Analysts say North Korea is receiving financial aid, military technology, food and energy supplies from Russia, helping Pyongyang reduce its reliance on its long-time backer China. US President Donald Trump has sought to build ties with Belarus in his second term, easing sanctions and welcoming it to his “Board of Peace”. Trump met Kim three times in his first term, and there has been speculation of a re-run when the US president makes his visit — delayed by the Iran war — to China on May 14-15.

Belarusian Foreign Minister Maxim Ryzhenkov said that in addition to the treaty of friendship and cooperation, the two sides would agree to cooperate in an array of fields from agriculture to information.

“Our greatest interest... is strengthening truly friendly, partnership relations. We have friends here, and they are waiting for us. Just as we await them in Belarus,” he told state news agency BelTA.

Trade between the two countries is “modest”, but areas for growth include Belarus exporting pharmaceutical products and food to North Korea, Ryzhenkov said. “Meanwhile, various cosmetic products, which are renowned for their quality and affordable prices, can be imported from the DPRK,” he added, using the initials of the North’s official name.

Agence France-Presse