Prime Minister Imran Khan attends a press conference. File photo

Former cricket star Khan lost his parliamentary majority last week and had been facing a no-confidence vote tabled by a united opposition that he was expected to lose on Sunday.

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I am not anti-American or anti-Indian, says Imran Khan

Pakistan's top court meets on PM dissolving parliament

But the deputy speaker of parliament, a member of Khan's party, threw out the motion, ruling it was part of a foreign conspiracy and unconstitutional. Khan then dissolved parliament.

The stand-off has thrown the country of 220 million people, ruled by the military ruled for extended periods since independence in 1947, into a full-blown constitutional crisis.

This photo shows the building of Pakistan's Supreme Court in Islamabad. File photo

The court reconvened about noon (0700 GMT) on Tuesday, with politicians from Khan's party and the opposition among those in a crowded courtroom. The panel of five judges hearing arguments has not said when it might give a ruling.

The court could order that parliament be reconstituted, call for a new election or bar Khan from standing again if he is found to have acted unconstitutionally.

The court could also decide that it cannot intervene in parliamentary affairs.

Drawn-out legal proceedings would create a power vacuum with political and economic implications for issues such as talks with the International Monetary Fund to secure funds to support the cash-strapped economy.

Political chaos would also worry the powerful military, which has stepped in to oust civilian governments and rule on three occasions, citing the need to end political uncertainty.

Shehbaz Sharif, the opposition candidate to replace Khan as prime minister, told media outside the court that he had urged army and intelligence chiefs to look into Khan's accusations that opposition parties were part of a foreign conspiracy.

Political analysts say the military viewed Khan and his conservative agenda favourably when he won a general election in 2018 but the generals' support has since waned.

Khan denied ever having the backing of the military and the military says it has no involvement in the political process.

Reuters