Devotees take part in a procession to commemorate the death anniversary Imam Ali (RA) in Lahore. AFP

The federal government had issued a notice banning mass gatherings commemorating the death of Prophet Mohammad (PBUH)'s companion and son-in-law Imam Ali (RA), but local negotiations with religious leaders failed.

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"I have attended this procession every year for as long as I can remember," said Ali Kazmi, 28, who took part in Lahore, where officials estimated between eight and ten thousand worshippers participated.

Shiite Muslims take part in a procession commemorating the death anniversary of Imam Ali (RA) in Lahore. AP

"They try to stop Shiite mourning ceremonies and processions using different excuses. It is (coronavirus) today, before that it was the issue of security. It's all excuses."

Members of Pakistan's Shiite sect make up around 20 per cent of the Islamic republic's 220 million population. Smaller processions were also held in major cities across the country.

Dressed in black, devotees chanted slogans and slapped their chests in unison while others whipped themselves with blades.

"We reject any restriction imposed on mourning ceremonies. Your local elections can take place, your markets are open, your government meetings are happening," said Pakistan's Shiite Ulema Council in a statement ahead of the rally.

An official from Lahore's police department said they attempted to negotiate with clerics and religious leaders over the procession, who refused to back down.

Security however was still provided.

Pakistan is struggling to contain a third wave of infections, with more than 800,000 cases and 18,000 deaths declared.

Only a small fraction of its population has been vaccinated.

Agence France-Presse