Dollar firm, investors turn bearish on euro as energy prices surge

LONDON: The dollar held firm near three-month highs on Wednesday, with investors turning deeply bearish towards the euro as the conflict in the Middle East sparked fears of ‌a sustained rise in energy prices and took a heavy toll on stock markets.

The euro steadied at $1.1612, having earlier hit its weakest level ​since late November. That ⁠followed data released on Tuesday that showed eurozone inflation accelerated more quickly than expected in February, before ‌the start of the Iran conflict.

"The impact of ‌the Iran war on EUR/USD boils down to one thing: energy," said George Saravelos, global head of FX research at Deutsche Bank. Financial markets resumed their selloff on Wednesday as growing fears of a surge in inflation rippled across stocks and bonds after Israeli and US forces pounded targets across Iran, prompting a rush for ‌cash among investors.

The options market shows traders are at their most bearish towards the euro in at least a year, ⁠having flipped from an overwhelmingly bullish position just six weeks ago.

"We're still in a scenario where dollar selloffs are probably going to be short-lived and probably bought into because there is still a lot of negativity priced into most currencies, which are sensitive to energy prices," CIBC Capital Markets head of G10 FX strategy Jeremy Stretch said.

"And here in Europe, it's all about the natural gas prices," he said. "If there comes to be more of a supply, as well as a price, issue, then obviously that becomes much more problematic for the Eurozone."

The cost of buying options to ​sell the euro against the dollar over the next three months against the cost of options to buy it is at ‌its largest premium since last March, according to LSEG data, indicating a belief among traders that the euro has further to fall.

Deutsche Bank's Saravelos said that, roughly, for every combined 10 per cent rise in Brent and European natural gas prices, the euro loses around 0.8 per cent in value.

"This means that a combined move to $100/barrel ⁠in both Brent and (natural gas futures) would take euro/dollar down to roughly $1.13 on current sensitivities," he said in his note. Global oil and gas prices have jumped as the strikes on Iran disrupt energy exports from the Middle East, with Tehran's retaliatory attacks on ships and energy facilities closing navigation in the Gulf and forcing production ​stoppages from Qatar to ‌Iraq. Benchmark Brent crude oil futures have shot up by nearly 16 per cent since Friday to around $84 a barrel, their highest since July 2024, while ‌European gas prices have risen almost 85 per cent since the end of last week.

"Suddenly, the 'good place' of the ECB is being challenged, and we doubt we will see that resolved in the very near term," analysts from ING wrote in a research report. "The possibility of ECB rate hikes poses a serious risk to carry trades and ‌could trigger a significant ‌widening of Eurozone government bond (EGB) spreads."

Money market traders are placing a ⁠one-in-three chance of the European Central Bank raising rates this year, compared with a roughly 40 per cent chance of one 2026 ‌cut less than a week ago.

Elsewhere, the pound slipped 0.3 per cent to $1.3323. Sterling has been hit hard by the prospect of a protracted rise in energy prices, given UK inflation at 3 per cent is still well above the Bank of England's 2 per cent target.

The dollar ⁠index, which tracks the US currency's performance against six others, was flat at 99.05, having earlier reached its strongest level since November 28.

Against ​the yen, the dollar was down 0.26 per cent at 157.35 yen.

The US currency was also down 0.1 per cent versus the Chinese yuan in offshore trade, changing hands at 6.913 yuan after PMI data for February diverged, with official gauges recording a slump in activity even as ⁠a private-sector counterpart blew past estimates.