US stock markets sink after a weak report on country's economic growth

The US stocks began Wednesday with a thud after a report suggested the US economy may have shrunk at the start of the year. But the big losses eased as the morning progressed in the latest sharp swings to hit Wall Street amid uncertainty about what President Donald Trump’s trade war will do to the economy.

The S&P 500 was down 0.9% in midday trading and on track to break a six-day winning streak. The Dow Jones Industrial Average was down 223 points, or 0.6%, as of noon Eastern time, and the Nasdaq composite was 1.2% lower.

They had been on track for much worse losses earlier in the morning, when the S&P 500 was down as much as 2.3% and the Dow dropped 780 points. They sank after the report on the US economy fell well short of economists’ expectations, a sharp turnaround from the economy’s solid pace of growth at the end of last year.

Importers rushed to bring products into the country before tariffs could raise their prices, which helped drag on the country’s overall gross domestic product.

Such data raises the threat of a worst-case scenario called “stagflation,” one where the economy stagnates yet inflation remains high. Economists fear it because the Federal Reserve has no good tools to fix both problems at the same time. If the Fed were to try to help one by adjusting interest rates, it would likely make the other problem worse.

“Even if today’s weak GDP may have partially reflected companies trying to get ahead of tariffs, it was still a stagflation warning shot over the bow of the economy,” according to Ellen Zentner, chief economic strategist for Morgan Stanley Wealth Management.

Financial markets got some better news later in the morning when a report said the measure of inflation that the Fed prefers to use slowed in March. Inflation decelerated to 2.3%, closer to the Fed’s goal of 2%, from February’s reading of 2.7%. Stocks more than halved their losses following the report.

Still, much of Wednesday’s economic data raised concerns about a weakening economy. A separate report on the job market from ADP suggested employers outside the government may have hired far fewer workers in April than economists expected, less than half.

It’s discouraging because a relatively solid job market has been one of the linchpins keeping the US economy stable. A more comprehensive report on the job market from the US government will arrive on Friday.

Wednesday’s reports add to worries that Trump’s trade war may drag the US economy into a recession. The president’s on-again-off-again rollout of tariffs has already created deep uncertainty about what’s to come, which could cause damage by itself.

The uncertainty created severe and historic swings in financial markets, from stocks to bonds to the value of the US dollar, that battered investors through April. The S&P 500 at one point dropped nearly 20% below its all-time high set earlier this year, with scary headlines at one point warning of the worst April since the Great Depression.

But the uncertainty has been two-sided, and hopes that Trump may relent on some of his tariffs and reach trade deals with other countries helped the S&P 500 claw back much of its losses. It’s set to finish April with a loss of less than 2%, which would be milder than March’s, and it’s roughly 10% below its record.

Stronger-than-expected profit reports from big US companies have also helped support the market, and Seagate Technology jumped 10.1% for one of Wednesday’s biggest gains after the maker of data storage joined the parade.

But potentially discouraging trends within the artificial-intelligence industry helped offset such gains for storage makers. AI stocks have been pulling back sharply on worries that their prices shot too high in prior years, when a frenzy around the industry drove them to breathtaking heights.

Super Micro Computer warned that some customers delayed purchases in the latest quarter, which caused the maker of servers used in AI and other computing to slash its forecast for sales and profit. Its stock tumbled 15.1% for the largest loss in the S&P 500.

Other AI-related stocks also fell, including a 2.2% drop for Nvidia. Because the chip company is so huge in size, its loss was the single heaviest weight on the S&P 500.

Starbucks sank 7.1% after the coffee chain fell short of analysts’ forecasts for revenue and profit in the latest quarter. Starbucks did log its first quarterly sales increase in more than a year, but acknowledged that its turnaround effort is far from complete.

In the bond market, Treasury yields held relatively steady. The yield on the 10-year Treasury eased to 4.17% from 4.19% late Tuesday.

Yields have largely been sinking since an unsettling, unusual spurt higher earlier this month rattled both Wall Street and the US government. That rise had suggested investors worldwide may have been losing faith in the US bond market’s reputation as a safe place to park cash.

In stock markets abroad, indexes rose modestly across much of Europe after finishing mixed in Asia.

British stocks closed higher on Wednesday, as investors assessed mixed corporate earnings and key economic data, wrapping up another volatile month dominated by US President Donald Trump’s trade policies. Both the blue-chip FTSE 100 index and the midcap FTSE 250 gained 0.4%.

Despite recovering most losses from steep tariffs announced earlier this month, the benchmark index fell for the second straight month, ending April 1.4% lower after falling 2.6% in March.

The domestically focused midcap index rose 1.8% in April.

Markets have recently stabilized somewhat on optimism about US trade deals, particularly with China, but a lack of clarity on Sino-U.S. negotiations has kept the market sensitive to any developments.

Meanwhile, economic data showed US GDP contracted in the first three months of 2025, however, Trump said his tariffs would eventually bring a booming economy.

Medical equipment and services led the sectoral gains on Wednesday, up 4.1%, with a boost from Smith+Nephew, up 5.8%, after the medical products maker maintained full-year sales and profit margin forecasts.

GSK was among the top gainers in the FTSE 100, up 3.6%, after the drugmaker reaffirmed its outlook for 2025 and said it is well positioned to absorb a tariff hit.

Coca-Cola HBC gained 3.9% on a first-quarter revenue beat.

Genus was the best performer on the midcap index, up 16.1%, after the US FDA approved gene-edited pigs for use in the US food supply chain.

Conversely, industrial metal miners led the sectoral declines, down 4.2%, after copper prices fell more than 3%.

Agencies