China’s consumer inflation at eight-year peak in November

China’s consumer inflation climbed to nearly eight-year peak in November, but factory-gate prices remained in the red, adding to uncertainty over whether the manufacturing sector is bottoming out as trade risks persist.

Beijing is under pressure to unleash more stimulus to boost industrial activity, but high inflation ahead of the Lunar New Year may be a headache for policymakers trying to shore up growth that has slipped to the lowest in nearly 30 years.

Consumer prices in November rose 4.5% on year, the fastest pace seen since January 2012, driven mostly by a surge in meat prices, National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) data showed on Tuesday. That topped analysts’ expectations of 4.2% and October’s 3.8% rise.

However, core inflation - which excludes food and energy prices - stayed largely subdued.

“The high CPI would surely have an impact on China’s monetary policy, but overall we don’t see risks of inflation spike across the board, so current monetary policy with a loosening bias will not be significantly affected,” said Liu Xuezhi, an analyst with Bank of Communications.

In contrast, the producer price index (PPI), seen as a key indicator of corporate profitability, fell 1.4% on year, falling for the fifth month in a row. That compared with a 1.5% drop forecast in a Reuters poll and 1.6% fall in October.

Price declines for manufactured goods suggest demand remains weak, despite hints of improvement in recent factory surveys.

“There are few signs of a pick-up in demand-side price pressures,” said Julian Evans-Pritchard, senior China economist at Capital Economics. “Higher prices of consumer goods in the PPI basket, one component of which is food, were more than offset by more pronounced declines in the prices of industrial goods.”

Weak prices were mainly seen in oil and gas extraction and chemical fibre manufacturing sectors.

Beijing and Washington are negotiating a first phase trade deal aimed at de-escalating their trade dispute but they continue to wrangle over key details. But even if a deal is struck, economic growth is expected to continue slowing in the current and coming quarters, however. Government advisers said China should lower its growth target to around 6% in 2020 as the trade dispute remains unresolved.

China has rolled out a series of measures to support growth, including reductions in market interest rates, but the government has insisted it will not resort to “flood-like” stimulus, however.

Analysts expect meat will remain in high demand as China prepares to celebrate the Lunar New Year, the peak consumption period for the meat. Retail pork prices hovered at around 55 yuan ($7.81) per kg in November, according to agriculture ministry data.

Climbing consumer prices are adding to the headaches of policymakers who are racing to meet Beijing’s annual growth target as the world’s second-largest economy slows to the lower end of a 6%-6.5% range for 2019.

However, core CPI for November remained benign at 1.4%, down from 1.5% in the previous month. For the full year of 2019, China is aiming for a CPI target of around 3%. It rose 2.8% in the January-November period.

“The month-on-month CPI saw a big drop in November and food price inflation might be ‘a spent bullet’. Overall consumer inflation will likely trend down from Q2 next year,” said Wang Jun, chief economist at Zhongyuan Bank in Beijing.

Despite inflation risks, China’s central bank has slowly picked up its tempo of policy easing since late last month by cutting key Chinese rates, suggesting Beijing is keen to push ahead with lowering financing costs across the curve.

China’s central bank governor Yi Gang said this month that Beijing would maintain “normal” monetary policy as long as possible since economic growth is still within a reasonable range and inflation is mild overall.

Meanwhile, auto sales in China fell for a 17th consecutive month in November, with the number of new energy vehicles (NEVs) sold contracting for a fifth month in a row, data from the country’s biggest auto industry association showed on Tuesday.

Total auto sales in the world’s biggest auto market fell 3.6% from the same month a year earlier, the China Association of Automobile Manufacturers (CAAM) said.

That follows a drop of 4% in October and 5.2% in September. Car sales in the country contracted last year for the first time since the 1990s against a backdrop of slowing economic growth and a crippling Sino-US trade war.

In November, sales of NEVs fell 43.7%, CAAM said, following a 45.6% drop in October. NEV sales had jumped almost 62% last year even as the broader auto market contracted. NEVs include plug-in hybrids, battery-only electric vehicles and those powered by hydrogen fuel cells.

Reuters